Yes—if the microSDHC card is used in a proper SD adapter, it will usually work in a Nikon D5200 like a normal SD card. The camera generally won’t treat it differently from a standard SD card.

A few things to keep in mind:

• The camera may ask to format the card, and it’s good practice to format it in the camera before shooting. This will erase existing data.
• If you later put the card back in your phone, you may need to reformat it there as well.
• Performance can vary. For everyday still photography, it will probably be fine.
• For burst shooting or video, card write speed matters more. A slower card can limit how quickly the camera clears its buffer or handles higher-data-rate recording.

So the main concerns are formatting and speed, not compatibility. If you plan to use it for important video or long bursts, test it first in the kinds of situations you normally shoot.