For phone macro work, the key spec is minimum focus distance, not aperture. A wider aperture like f/1.7 does not let the camera focus closer than f/2.2; close-focus ability is determined by the lens/focus design.

Aperture mainly affects depth of field. For macro, more depth of field is often helpful, so a smaller aperture would usually be preferable—but on most phones the aperture is fixed, so you can’t change it.

If your approach is “get as close as possible, then crop,” then higher megapixel count can help because it gives you more pixels to crop from. That said, cropping is not the same as true macro magnification.

The most useful thing to research is which phone has the best close-focusing capability. If macro is important, also consider clip-on/add-on macro lenses, which let the phone focus much closer and give stronger magnification than cropping alone.

So, prioritize:

1. minimum focus distance / close-focus performance
2. resolution if you plan to crop heavily
3. optional macro lens accessories

Aperture, sensor size, pixel size, and focal length matter less here than whether the phone can actually focus close enough.