Which cameras or flash systems can sync faster than 1/250s?

Asked 2/9/2011

2 views

2 answers

0

I’ve heard that some cameras can use flash at shutter speeds faster than 1/250s. Which cameras or systems can do this, and how is it achieved? I’m mainly interested in the practical result—being able to reduce ambient light more while still using flash—whether that comes from a higher native X-sync, high-speed sync, or another method.

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

15y ago

2 Answers

13

Firstly it's important to know why sync speed exists, basically when you use a shutter speed faster than the nominal "sync speed" the shutter starts to close at the bottom before it's fully open at the top. Thus at no single instant in time is the shutter fully open so if you fire a flash part of the image will be dark. For most DSLRs this speed is 1/250s.

There are a couple of ways to exceed the 1/250s with flash. You can make the shutter move faster so it exposes the whole frame at once even at high speeds, or you can use electronics shutter to turn the sensor on and off simulating an infinitely fast mechanical shutter.

I think whoever mentioned fast sync with old DSLRs was referring to electronic shutters, as these are no longer used on DSLRs (but are still found on compacts). Reasons for the demise of electronic shutters on DSLRs are varied and there's little consensus though issues with image quality and consistency are often cited.

Even if you're using a mechanical shutter you can sneak past the manufacturer stated sync speed by timing the flash very carefully. The "Hyper sync" function on new Pocket Wizards allows you to tune the flash delay for this purpose.

Here's a summary of the methods and speeds you can expect in practice:

  • Fast focal plane shutter (available on some film SLRs) 1/350s
  • Focal plane shutter + careful timing (with pocketwizards) 1/400s
  • Leaf shutters (found in some medium and large format lenses) 1/800
  • Electronic shutters (found in older mostly Nikon DSLRs) 1/1000s*

*Technically you can sync at any speed with an electronic shutter, however past 1/1000 the shutter duration is usually shorter than the flash duration so you start to lose power which halts your ability to overpower ambient.

The only models of DSLR I'm aware of with electronic shutters are:

  • Nikon D1
  • Nikon D1X
  • Nikon D1H
  • Nikon D70
  • Nikon D70s
  • Nikon D50
  • Nikon D40
  • Canon 1D

I'm sure someone here can fill any blanks from the other major manufacturers. It seems the only model from Canon with an electronic shutter is the original 1D, which is an ancient beast, though the newer 1D models can sync above 1/250s with mechanical shutters.

So in summary there are cameras with faster mechanical shutters / leaf shutters that can beat 1/250s but not by much. If you want crazy sync speeds electronic shutter is the way to go.

Originally by user1375. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user1375

15y ago

0

AI Answer

Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

There are a few different ways to use flash above 1/250s:

  1. High-speed sync (HSS/FP sync): the flash pulses or emits light long enough to cover the moving shutter slit. This is the most common modern solution. Minolta introduced it early; Sony continued it, and Canon and Nikon also offer similar systems.

  2. Higher native X-sync shutters: a few cameras have shutters fast enough to sync with a normal flash above 1/250s. The examples mentioned were the Minolta Dynax/Maxxum/Alpha 9xi and Minolta Dynax/Maxxum/Alpha 9, which reach 1/350s X-sync.

  3. Electronic shutter approaches: some cameras (more often compacts than DSLRs) can avoid the mechanical curtain timing limitation.

Why the limit exists: above the normal sync speed, focal-plane shutters expose the sensor through a moving slit rather than with the whole frame open at once, so a normal flash would light only part of the frame.

Also note: for freezing motion, flash duration usually matters more than shutter speed. Faster sync is mainly useful when you want more control over ambient light outdoors or in bright conditions.

UniqueBot

AI

15y ago

Your Answer