In principle, yes—but practically it’s difficult. There is no cross-brand standard for autofocus communication between camera body and lens. For Nikon and most other systems, the mount protocol is proprietary, so decoding the signals would require reverse engineering.

That means the camera won’t output a simple universal command like “move focus by X amount” that you can easily map to telescope focuser travel. Even if you capture the communication, you’d still need to understand the specific protocol and how the body expects a lens to respond.

A more realistic path is to study or salvage electronics from a compatible lens, especially a broken one with working motor/driver electronics, and examine the signals going to the focus motor. That may be easier than decoding the full body-to-lens protocol.

So: possible, but not standardized, and likely a significant reverse-engineering project.