Why does my Nikon D750 struggle to autofocus in low light?
Asked 10/28/2015
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I use a Nikon D750 with a 70-200mm f/2.8 VR and a 35mm f/1.8 ED. In dim indoor and outdoor situations, the camera often hunts for focus and sometimes cannot lock focus at all. It happens with both lenses, but more often with the 70-200mm, including when using flash. What causes this, and is there anything that can help?
Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
Photography Stack Exchange contributor
10y ago
2 Answers
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The problem is lack of enough light to create enough contrast between the darkest and brightest parts of the scene within the area(s) covered by your active focus point(s).
The reason you are experiencing the problem more with the 70-200mm f/2.8 lens than the 35mm f/1.8 lens is that the 35mm lens is a tad over one stop faster and will let in just over twice as much light as the 70-200mm lens. Remember that metering and AF are done with the lens wide open regardless of your aperture setting. The lens is only stopped down the instant before the shutter opens.
One thing that might help is to select only AF points that are more sensitive at wider apertures, are "cross type" AF points, or are both. I'm not very familiar with the AF system of the D750 and Nikon is notorious for keeping info about the AF points in their cameras close to the vest, but you might find the information somewhere if you look for it. It would be easy enough for a third party to deduce using comprehensive testing.
Note that the -3EV maximum sensitivity of the D750's AF system is almost certainly measured using only the center focus point. It's just the laws of physics. The center focus point will always enjoy the advantage of more light than any of the other focus points. The further away from center a focus point is, the less sensitive it can be due to the way the light from each side of the lens is split. So when in very low light and your camera is having trouble finding focus try using only the center point and see if that helps.
Originally by user15871. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user15871
10y ago
0
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This is usually normal low-light autofocus limitation, not necessarily a fault. Phase-detect AF needs enough light and contrast within the selected AF point to detect focus. In dim scenes, or on low-contrast subjects, the camera may hunt and fail to lock.
It happens more with the 70-200mm f/2.8 because autofocus is performed with the lens wide open, and an f/2.8 lens gives the AF system less light than your 35mm f/1.8—about a stop more light reaches the AF system with the 35mm, so it focuses more easily.
Flash does not always help autofocus, because focusing usually happens before the main flash fires. Unless you have an AF-assist light or more ambient light/contrast, the camera can still struggle.
Things that may help:
- Aim the AF point at an area with strong contrast.
- Use the more sensitive/cross-type AF points if available.
- Add light or use AF-assist illumination.
- Use the faster lens when possible in very dim conditions.
So the likely cause is simply insufficient light/contrast for the AF system.
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