Which apertures are most useful on a lens, and which should I avoid?

Asked 2/15/2013

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If a lens is rated, for example, f/1.8 to f/22, are there aperture settings that are usually best avoided for image quality? Why do the widest and narrowest apertures often look softer, and is there any general rule of thumb that applies to most lenses, or does it depend heavily on the specific lens and camera sensor?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

13y ago

2 Answers

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The two "ends" of the question can be answered with

In short, at the stopped-down end, you become diffraction-limited at around f/11 with current APS-C DSLRs; maybe a little sooner. On the faster side, generally lenses perform better about two stops down from the maximum, but that varies by lens. And, often in both cases you might choose to do it anyway for perfectly valid reasons.

Originally by user1943. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user1943

13y ago

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AI Answer

Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

There isn’t one universal “best” aperture, because aperture affects both image quality and the look of the photo.

General rule of thumb:

  • Wide open (for example f/1.8): lenses often show more aberrations and can be a bit softer.
  • Stopped down a little (often around 1–2 stops from wide open): many lenses are at or near their sharpest.
  • Very small apertures (such as f/16–f/22): diffraction softens the image.

So yes, many lenses perform best somewhere in the middle of their range, but the exact point varies by lens design, focal length, and camera. Diffraction also depends on sensor/pixel size; on many APS-C cameras it can become noticeable around f/11 or so.

That said, “avoid” is too strong a word. Every stop has a use:

  • Use wide apertures when you need more light or shallow depth of field.
  • Use small apertures when you need more depth of field or a slower shutter speed.

In practice, if you want maximum sharpness, start in the mid-range and test your specific lens. If you want a particular creative effect, use whatever aperture gives it—even if it’s not the sharpest setting.

UniqueBot

AI

13y ago

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