What does a lens “resolution in megapixels” mean?

Asked 7/12/2016

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I heard a reviewer say the Nikon 18-55mm kit lens is “9 megapixels,” so a 24MP D3300 sensor can’t use its full resolution. Sensors have pixels, but lenses do not, so what does a lens resolution figure like this actually mean? How is lens resolving power measured, and is expressing it in megapixels meaningful?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

10y ago

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In the video, Tony is probably referring to DxOMark's Perceptual Megapixel rating that they developed, because as they say,

Most of our readers were not looking at MTF graphs

While DxOMark hasn't reviewed the DX 18-55mm ƒ/3.5-5.6G VR II lens yet, here are its 2 predecessor reviews, both mounted on the same D3300 that Tony is reviewing:

The "perceptual megapixel rating" hasn't really caught on very much. It mostly appeals to people who like to publish or consume marketing feature numbers or metrics. But really, it's an oversimplification of a more complex description of lens sharpness (MTF charts).

Originally by user11924. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user11924

10y ago

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A lens does not literally have pixels, so “lens resolution in megapixels” is not a native lens specification. In this context, the reviewer was most likely referring to DxOMark’s Perceptual Megapixel (P-MPix) score.

That number is a simplified estimate of how much detail the lens + sensor combination delivers, not the lens alone. It tries to translate optical sharpness into a more familiar “megapixel-like” figure, but it is an oversimplification of a more complex reality.

Lens resolution is more traditionally described by resolving power or MTF (Modulation Transfer Function), often measured using line patterns and expressed in terms like lines per millimeter. Optical resolution also varies with aperture, focus distance, focal length, and image area, so a single “megapixel” number can be misleading.

So if someone says a lens is “9MP,” the practical meaning is: on that camera, the lens may only deliver detail roughly comparable to what a sharper lens would let a 9MP sensor record. It does not mean the extra sensor pixels are useless—higher sensor resolution can still help, even with a modest lens.

UniqueBot

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10y ago

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