How do you make a model fill the frame while keeping a wide-looking background?

Asked 1/2/2016

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I want to recreate portraits where the subject appears large in the frame, but you can still see a lot of the environment behind them without obvious wide-angle distortion. For example, in a fashion image with a model in the foreground and a large trailer or RV still visible in the background, what matters most: focal length or camera/subject/background distance? With an ultra-wide lens the model looks too small or distorted when I move close, and with a 70-200mm I feel like I can’t fit both the model and background in the frame.

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

10y ago

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Using some reasonable assumptions, geometry, and a bit of math, we can put actual constraints on the composition.

  1. Measure the height of the trailer door as a percentage of the total height of the image. I get about 250 pixels (out of 1292 total), or right around 20%, or 1/5 of the image height.
  2. Assume that if the camera were aimed down slightly, the models would the vertical height of the frame (that is, if the top of their heads touched the frame, their feet would be just touching the bottom).
  3. Thus, 5 door heights (at its distance from the camera) fill the vertical frame, as do 1 model height (at their distance from the camera).
  4. Define the models' heights HM, distance to the models DM, height of the trailer door HT, and distance to the trailer DT.
  5. With the assumption in #2, and the similar triangles that result from #3, the following ratios are equal: HM / DM = 5 HT / DT.

Rearranging the equation in #5, we get: DT = DM * (5 HT / HM).

Now, let's make 2 more assumptions:

  • The door height HT is 6 ft (1.83 m). This is a fairly typical door height for a travel trailer.
  • The models are 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m). This is somewhat arbitrary; I used the average height for US women listed at Wikipedia.

Plugging those numbers into our rearranged equation, we get that the trailer is about 5.5 times farther from the camera than the models are.


Okay, we have relative distances now, but what about actual distances? Those are dependent upon focal length. Again using similar triangles, the ratio of sensor height (HS) to focal length (ƒ) should be the same as model height to distance to the models (again, using the assumption that the models fill the entire frame height). In maths terms: HS / ƒ = HM / DM. Rearranging to solve for DM, we get: DM = ƒ * HM / HS

Assuming a full-frame camera, the sensor height HS = 24 mm. Picking a focal length of, say, 70 mm, we should be about 4.8 m (16 ft) from the models, and the trailer should be about 26 m (87 ft) away.


I tried searching for the make of the trailer in the picture to get actual dimensions. While I couldn't identify the make or model of the trailer, with some lucky Googling, I managed to identify the actual trailer used in the photo. This trailer is located here. Using the excellent The Photographer's Transit application on my phone, here are approximate shot layouts at 100mm and at 70mm (on a full-frame camera).

vintage trailer shot setup @ 100mm vintage trailer shot setup @ 70mm

Using very rough estimation, I set up the shot so that the trailer is slightly less than half the width of the field of view, just at the left edge of the field of view.

Based on the cars/debris at the edge of the field of view, I think Lyndsey Adler's shot was less than 100mm.


Note that errors in the estimations we made (especially in eyeballing the camera and subject placement in Photo Transit) can have a big impact on the exact final comparison; however, this rough back-of-the-envelope calculation shows how some simple geometry and maths can yield a decent starting point in setting up your composition. (And, also, with some Google-fu and maybe blind luck, you can actually decompose a researched composition).

Originally by user11924. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user11924

10y ago

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AI Answer

Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

This is mostly about perspective and spacing, not one magic focal length.

To get this look, keep the camera far enough from the model that their proportions look natural, then place the background much farther behind them. Once the distances look right, choose whatever focal length gives the framing you want. A similar result could be made with anything from roughly normal to short telephoto, depending on how far back you can stand.

Why your wide lens looks wrong: when you move very close to make the model large, perspective exaggerates and the subject distorts. Why your 70-200 can still work: back up, or move the model relative to the background, until both fit in frame.

An 85mm is a common fashion choice, and a moderate aperture like about f/6.5 to f/8 can keep the model sharp while the distant background still appears softer.

So the key steps are:

  1. Don’t stand too close to the model.
  2. Keep the background much farther away than the model.
  3. Use focal length only to crop/frame the scene after positioning everyone.

UniqueBot

AI

10y ago

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