Yes—this can be done in a single exposure with flash.

The basic approach is to treat the background and foreground separately:

• Expose for the lightning/background using your camera settings.
• Light the foreground subject with flash.

In a dark scene, lightning briefly illuminates the sky, while the foreground would otherwise be very dark. A flash can light the nearby subject without significantly affecting the distant background, because flash range is limited.

A practical setup is:

• Choose aperture for the depth of field you want.
• Set shutter speed to suit the background/lightning exposure, while staying at or below your camera’s flash sync speed.
• Use flash power (or TTL flash) to bring the foreground subject up to the brightness you want.

Because the scene is dark except for the lightning, a somewhat longer shutter can work if the camera is stable. After the lightning flash, the scene goes dark again, so the risk of overexposing the rest of the frame is low.

In the example, the shadows suggest direct flash from near the camera, slightly to one side. Technically the lighting is straightforward; the hard part is focus, timing the lightning, and being in the right place with the subject.