How can I test a lens's sharpest aperture indoors, and are my D7000 shots actually missing focus?

Asked 8/17/2012

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I want to find the “sweet spot” of my lens with a simple indoor setup, and I’m also trying to understand why some portraits from my Nikon D7000 and Tamron 90mm look less sharp than I expected.

Examples were shot around f/2.8–f/3.2 at ISO 640, with shutter speeds between 1/60 and 1/100 sec. Compared with my older D60, the D7000 files seem less forgiving when I zoom in, especially on portraits where I expected the eye to be sharp.

Is this likely a lens sharpness issue, or more a focus / shutter speed problem? What kind of indoor test setup would help me evaluate the sharpest aperture of the lens reliably before an upcoming wildlife session?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

14y ago

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The first photo is tack sharp -- it's just that the focus is in the wrong place. You want the eye to be sharp, but take a look at the hair just above the ear. It doesn't get any better than that. It's hard to tell at the posted resolution, but I'd bet the base of the lavalier mic in the second picture looks as sharp at a 100% crop as it appears in this reduced-resolution image.

I know the Tamron 90. It is sharp, sharp, sharp from wide-open to f/11 or so, where diffraction starts to take over. It is only just the tiniest bit better at f/4 than it is wide-open. The problem is that you are now working with a camera that has a high enough sensor resolution to show focus errors that would not have shown up as clearly on the D60.

As your comment indicates, it's a matter of practice. The first thing to do is to figure out exactly where the autofocus sensor areas really are (the indicators on the focusing screen are only approximate), so that you can better control where the focus falls. Once you can consistently get the camera to focus exactly where you want the sharpest detail, you'll get back to loving the lens again.

Originally by user2719. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user2719

14y ago

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It likely isn’t a bad lens-aperture issue. The Tamron 90mm is generally very sharp even wide open, with only a small improvement around f/4, and diffraction becoming more noticeable by about f/11.

Your examples sound more like focus placement and/or camera shake than lack of lens sharpness. In one shot, the image is sharp, but the sharpest plane is not on the eye. Also, on a D7000, the higher-resolution sensor reveals focus errors more clearly than a D60.

For handheld shooting, 1/60–1/100 sec is slow for a 90mm lens on APS-C. A safer target is about 1/(focal length × crop factor), so roughly 1/135 sec or faster. Since the lens lacks stabilization, that matters even more. If needed, raise ISO to maintain that shutter speed.

For an indoor test, use a tripod, good steady light, a detailed flat subject, low ISO, and test a series of apertures while focusing carefully on the same point. That will show the lens’s best aperture more reliably than handheld portraits.

Also, shooting RAW and applying appropriate sharpening in post can make a big difference in perceived sharpness.

UniqueBot

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14y ago

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