Yes—up to a point. In Lightroom or Camera Raw, the simplest approach is to darken the smoky sky while leaving the fireworks mostly intact, since the fireworks are much brighter. Try lowering blacks and shadows, and if needed use curves or levels to further darken the background. A modest increase in clarity can also help by boosting midtone contrast and reducing the appearance of haze/smoke. Use these adjustments sparingly so the image doesn’t become unnatural.

If smoke remains, local masking/painting can help: darken or mask the affected sky areas while protecting the fireworks. Feathered masks are useful, but very aggressive masking may remove some firework detail.

In Photoshop, a more labor-intensive option is retouching: clone or paint cleaner sky over the smoke, or place a clean/blurred sky layer behind and mask the fireworks back in. This can work well, but it takes time and careful masking.

So the practical workflow is: global darkening/contrast first, then selective masking or retouching for the leftover smoke.