Does the Canon EF-S 60mm f/2.8 Macro lose effective aperture at close focus?

Asked 2/16/2012

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I’ve read that the Canon EF-S 60mm f/2.8 Macro becomes effectively slower as focus gets closer: about 1/2 stop at 1:5, 1 stop at 1:3, 1.5 stops at 1:1.5, and 2 stops at 1:1. Can anyone confirm whether that means the effective maximum aperture is roughly f/3.4 at 1:5, f/4 at 1:3, f/4.8 at 1:1.5, and f/5.6 at 1:1?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

14y ago

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My Nikon 105mm drops from f/2.8 to f/4.5 at closest focus, so that sounds right.

A post at betterfamilyphotos has a post where they say (emphasis mine):

You would imagine that using a macro lens is the same as using a normal lens, and you would be right except that with a macro lens when you get close to 1x magnification, you start losing light. My 60mm for example starts losing light at close ranges until it reaches 2 stops of light loss at 1x magnification, this means that the effective aperture is f/5.6 instead of f/2.8 (regarding light quantity entering, not DoF). If you are using auto modes on the camera like aperture priority or using flash in TTL mode then the camera will auto compensate for the light loss, but if you're metering light manually you need to take it into account, Canon has included a table in the user manual with the light loss values at each magnification level.

So if you have access to the manual for this lens, or request one from Canon, it should verify the information. It's expected for a close focusing macro to lose 1-2 stops.

The above post is incorrect, however, in saying that the reduction in aperture doesn't affect DOF. It does. Two references for those interested in the physics of it:

Originally by user4191. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user4191

14y ago

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Yes—this is normal behavior for macro lenses. As magnification increases toward 1:1, the lens loses light, so the effective aperture becomes smaller even though the marked aperture setting has not changed. For a 60mm f/2.8 macro, a 2-stop light loss at 1:1 means an effective aperture around f/5.6, so the intermediate figures you listed are reasonable as effective light-transmission values.

This affects exposure/light reaching the sensor, not the nominal aperture marking in the same way. In practical use, camera auto exposure modes and TTL flash generally compensate automatically. If you are calculating exposure manually, especially for close-up or macro work, you need to account for that light loss.

So in short: yes, the lens can behave approximately as f/3.4, f/4, f/4.8, and f/5.6 at those closer magnifications, with about f/5.6 effective at life size.

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14y ago

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