In practice, no. The movement during automatic sensor cleaning is generally imperceptible to the human eye.

Based on the community answers, the vibration is extremely fast—tens of kilohertz on some systems—which is far beyond anything you could track as visible motion. In theory, very fast motion can sometimes appear as blur, but here the vibration amplitude is also tiny, so there isn’t enough visible displacement to notice.

One user tested this directly on a Fujifilm X-series mirrorless camera with the lens removed and sensor cleaning activated; despite watching closely, they could not see any movement or blur.

So the practical answer is: even if the sensor or filter stack is vibrating during cleaning, it’s too fast and too small in movement to be seen directly.