On the Nikon D610, there does not appear to be a built-in menu or software option to lock the command dials specifically for shutter speed and aperture changes. In practice, the only real prevention is to avoid the dials being bumped physically.

A practical workaround is some kind of physical protection or cover that keeps the wheels from being turned accidentally, but be careful with any add-on or material you place around the controls so it doesn’t interfere with operation or leave residue.

If your shooting setup allows it, using an exposure mode that fixes one setting automatically may reduce accidental changes, but there’s no dedicated dial lock for both shutter and aperture on the D610.