Only to a limited extent. Your JPEG appears to be severely underexposed, with most of the image data packed into the darkest few brightness levels. When you brighten it, you’re stretching a tiny amount of tonal information across the full range, which makes noise and banding/grain very obvious.

So yes, you can push the exposure in an editor and reveal the aurora somewhat, but it won’t become clean or detailed because that information was never properly recorded in the JPEG.

If you have the RAW files, use those instead. RAW retains far more tonal levels than JPEG, so lifting the shadows can give a noticeably better result, though it may still be noisy if the original exposure was very dark.

If you only have JPEGs, the best you can do is carefully brighten them, accept a gritty look, and apply moderate noise reduction. But there is no full recovery if the capture was grossly underexposed.