Not in the simple way you describe. A sensor by itself does not determine field of view; the lens does. To keep a final 45° view while gaining detail, each camera would need to record a smaller portion of the scene at higher magnification, then the images could be stitched together.

So yes, stitching can increase total resolution, but only if each camera/lens pair covers part of the scene, not the full 45° view. If your camera modules have fixed built-in lenses, you generally cannot “compress” a 45° view into 22.5° without changing optics, and trying to do so would introduce distortion or simply not work.

A focal reducer/speed booster can concentrate an image circle onto a smaller sensor, but that applies only in specific interchangeable-lens/crop-sensor setups, not typical fixed camera modules.

Another approach is sensor-shift high-resolution mode, used by some cameras, where one sensor is moved in tiny steps and multiple exposures are combined. That can increase resolution, but the subject must remain still.

In practice, for fixed 45° modules, your best option is stitching multiple images or using a different camera/lens setup designed for higher resolution.