Unless it is pretty cold out, you will want to use exposure stacking for such a shot. Not so much because it would cause damage, but rather because of the noise that your camera will pick up from a long exposure.

As a sensor is operating, it is consuming power and this causes heat to build up. That heat results in mistaken readings where the sensor things there is light when there is not. The longer the sensor is active, the more heat builds up and the more rapidly the noise level will rise until eventually it will overpower the signal you are getting. The colder it is, the more heat will dissipate and the less the noise accumulation rate will rise.

LENR (long exposure noise reduction) can take another image of the same exposure length, but with no light being captured and then subtract the dark image from the actual exposure to help compensate somewhat, but this is still of limited benefit.

I wouldn't worry too much about damage though, most cameras have safety shutdowns built in if heat gets too high on the sensor. It is something to be aware of, but is not so much an issue as it once was (unless you are using legacy hardware that might lack modern advances and safe guards.)