Why don’t landscape photographers always use very small apertures like f/22 or f/32?

Asked 11/30/2023

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If landscapes often need lots of depth of field, why do many photographers choose apertures like f/8, f/11, or f/16 instead of very small apertures such as f/22 or f/32? Wouldn’t a smaller aperture keep more of the scene in focus?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

2y ago

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First people want to have (when making photos of landscape) almost all in focus. But they do not use F22-32 because on such aperture diffraction degradate the quality of images.

Second, when shooting landscape the trick is to use so named hyperfocal point. For example with 50mm lens, fullframe camera, F9, if you focus on 9.33 meters from the camera you will have everything from 4.83 meters to infinity in focus. You can check for other values here.

Originally by user34947. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user34947

2y ago

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Because the smallest apertures are a tradeoff, not a free gain. Stopping down does increase depth of field, but very small apertures like f/22 or f/32 also reduce image sharpness due to diffraction. In practice, many landscape photographers choose a middle aperture such as f/8, f/11, or f/16 because it often gives the best balance of depth of field and overall sharpness.

They also use focusing technique to maximize what looks sharp. A common method is focusing near the hyperfocal distance, which can make everything from a certain near point out to infinity appear acceptably sharp without needing the tiniest aperture.

There are other practical reasons too: a smaller aperture requires a slower shutter speed, which can be a problem if wind is moving trees, grass, or other elements. And sometimes photographers intentionally use less depth of field to emphasize one part of the scene.

So the goal in landscape photography is usually not “use the smallest aperture possible,” but “use the aperture and focus point that give the best overall result.”

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2y ago

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