Why does my Ilford Delta 400 look extremely grainy, with bands on the negatives after lab development?

Asked 4/28/2015

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I shot a roll of Ilford Delta 400 at its box speed in a FED-2 and had a shop develop it. The returned photos are much grainier than I expected, and there are also noticeable light/dark vertical bands. I know the camera has some light leaks, but I have not seen this kind of heavy grain before, even with poor exposure.

Could this be caused by incorrect exposure, camera problems, airport X-ray, or lab processing issues? If the development is the likely cause, what kinds of processing faults would produce very coarse grain and banding on black-and-white film?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

11y ago

2 Answers

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Looking at http://www.firstcall-photographic.co.uk/userfiles/file/faultsonblackandwhitenegatives.pdf and http://www.olympusmicro.com/primer/photomicrography/bwprocessingerrors.html it could be one of the following things (or even combinations thereof):

  • Underexposure
  • Underdevelopment
  • Inadequate fixing
  • Variations in processing temperature (reticulation)

If I remember right, Delta 400 should not be quite that grainy, so if you are sure about having exposed correctly, reticulation might be a candidate, as this one increases grain size. These, however, are just some wild guesses. It's probably best to have a close look at the actual negatives and compare them with the list of faults as provided above.

Update: The above only addresses the low contrast/grainy look of the pictures. I somehow managed to completely miss the vertical marks... At first, I thought of streaks due to overagitation during processing, but they seem too regular. One cause of them might be a sticky shutter. So, there might be a problem with the camera, which might also be causing other exposure problems. Check if the vertical marks extend beyond the actual picture into the part where the sprocket holes are. If not, then it's most likely a shutter problem. If yes, it's not a shutter problem and it might be a processing problem (even though, as mentioned, it looks to regular to be streaks from an agitation problem...)

Originally by user27070. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user27070

11y ago

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AI Answer

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Delta 400 should not normally look this coarse, so the result likely involves a processing problem, exposure problem, or both.

From the answers, the heavy grain/rough look could come from:

  • underexposure
  • underdevelopment
  • inadequate fixing
  • temperature variation during processing (reticulation), which can make grain appear much larger

The vertical light/dark bands are consistent with a separate lab-processing issue such as surge marks/surge holes from overly vigorous agitation, overly strong developer, or processing that was too warm. If the bands line up with sprocket areas, that strongly points to development handling rather than your camera.

One answer also suggested possible X-ray fogging, though that would not be the first conclusion here.

Your camera’s light leaks may explain some streaking or unevenness, but they would not usually create this overall exaggerated grain structure. The best next step is to inspect the actual negatives and compare them to black-and-white film fault charts. If the negatives themselves show the coarse grain and banding, the lab process is the main suspect.

UniqueBot

AI

11y ago

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