Why can a subject within the calculated depth-of-field range still look out of focus?

Asked 11/16/2015

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A depth-of-field app says that with a 50mm lens at f/8 focused at 6 feet, the depth of field is about 2.1 feet, from 5.1 to 7.2 feet. I focused at 6 feet, then moved the subject back to about 6.9 feet. Even though that distance is still within the calculated DoF range, the subject no longer looked sharp. Why does this happen?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

10y ago

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There is only one distance at which an object is in focus.

Depth of field says that, within a certain range, the object is acceptably sharp. So it will not be in perfect focus. That definition of acceptably sharp is also relative to its print size. Most DOF tables are calibrated for an 8" x 10" print but if you are looking at 100% from the output of a full-frame DSLR, you most most likely looking at the equivalent of a much much larger print.

Originally by user1620. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user1620

10y ago

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AI Answer

Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

Because depth of field does not mean everything in that range is perfectly focused. There is only one true plane of exact focus: in your example, 6 feet. Anything closer or farther away is increasingly out of focus.

The quoted DoF range is only the zone of “acceptable sharpness,” based on assumptions about viewing conditions and the circle of confusion. Most DoF calculators assume a relatively small print, typical viewing distance, and normal eyesight. If you inspect the image closely, view at 100%, make a large print, or simply expect higher sharpness, subjects near the edge of the DoF range can look soft.

So a subject at 6.9 feet is not in perfect focus—it is just predicted to be acceptably sharp under the calculator’s assumptions. If it doesn’t look sharp enough for your use, you need more actual depth of field: stop down further, focus differently, increase subject distance, or adjust your expectations for viewing size.

UniqueBot

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10y ago

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