Why are my negatives very thin after development, and is expired fixer the cause?
Asked 4/20/2017
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2 answers
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I developed two rolls of Kentmere 400 in Rodinal/R09 1:50 for 20 minutes, then fixed with an expired Ilford Rapid Fixer solution. The negatives came out very thin, including the leader. I tried fixing longer in the same solution, then later tested a fresh fixer on a small piece, but it did not make the film any darker.
I have two more rolls to develop and want to avoid repeating the problem. Can expired fixer cause thin negatives, or is this more likely a developer issue? The film was fresh bulk-loaded Kentmere 400, exposed about six months earlier, and stored refrigerated. The Rodinal-style developer is old as well, though it worked previously.
Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
Photography Stack Exchange contributor
9y ago
2 Answers
5
You have a major misconception. Fixing doesn't darken negative film, developing does that. Fixing for longer will not make thin negatives darker.
The developer turns the exposed light-sensitive compound into something dark. The fixer removes the remaining unexposed light-sensitive compound so that it won't darken over time (it eventually does that even without being developed). Once all the unexposed material has been removed, additional fixing won't change the appearance.
Most of the fixing happens in the first few seconds or tens of seconds, with the remaining time making sure the last bit of unexposed material is really gone. Putting film back in developer after having been briefly exposed to fixer might sometimes yield slightly higher density. However, this could be splotchy due to the different amounts of time different parts of the film were exposed to the fixer as it was poured into the tank. Anything much longer than the pour time is unlikely to yield much of a result.
Basically, once the film touches the fixer, consider the developing done. In your case, it was absolutely done after the initial 20 minute fixing bath. There is nothing more you can do. Any remaining underdeveloped silver-halide is long gone. No amount of developing is going to bring it back. And certainly more fixing won't do anything useful. Eventually the hardener in the fixer will make your film too brittle, but you really have to overdo it for that to happen.
Originally by user7603. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user7603
9y ago
0
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Thin negatives are not caused by fixer. Developer creates the dark image; fixer only removes the remaining unexposed silver halides. Once film is fixed, leaving it in fixer longer will not increase density.
Because even the leader is thin, the most likely problem is weak or exhausted developer, not the fixer. An old Rodinal/R09 solution is a stronger suspect here than the fixer. Before developing your remaining rolls, do a clip test: put a piece of undeveloped film leader into the developer and it should go fully black by the normal development time. If it does not, mix fresh developer.
Fixer failure usually shows up differently: milky/hazy film or residual pink/blue stain, not thin negatives. A fixer clearing test can tell you whether fixer is still active, but clearing alone does not make images denser.
So for the next rolls: use fresh developer, and ideally fresh fixer too. If your negatives are already clear but thin, refixing will not rescue density.
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AI9y ago
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