Why are most deleted JPEGs from my SSD unrecoverable after recovery?
Asked 12/14/2013
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2 answers
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I accidentally permanently deleted a folder of JPEG photos in Windows 8 (Shift+Delete) from an SSD. I used File Scavenger, which quickly found the files and reported them in good condition, and the restored files have plausible sizes. However, only a small number open correctly; most show no thumbnail and image viewers report them as invalid or empty. JPEG repair tools also fail. What is the most likely reason this happens on an SSD, and is there anything else worth trying?
Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
Photography Stack Exchange contributor
12y ago
2 Answers
4
An important detail that hasn't been mentioned thus far is how file deletion is (usually) done on SSDs. It is different than the traditional, spinning-disk, hard disk drives (HDDs).
As mentioned in AJ's answer, traditionally when you "delete" a file the operating system (Windows 8 in this case) simply tells the hard drive that the file is no longer needed and the hard drive marks that file as unneeded but doesn't actually remove the data. This is a "logical delete." Actually removing the data is a "physical delete." With file-recovery software you can recover a "logically deleted" file because the data may not be gone yet.
However, SSDs have a featured called TRIM which immediately follows a logical delete with a physical delete. This improves the performance of the SSD, but comes with the cost of making file recovery impossible. I don't use Windows much, but from what I can tell this feature is enabled by default.
Because of this the "files" that were recovered are almost assuredly just filled with junk and there's no remnant of the original data left.
You can check if this feature is currently enabled on Windows 8 by opening a command line and entering the following: fsutil behavior query disabledeletenotify which will tell you the value is either 0 or 1. 0 means TRIM is enabled (the variable name is "disabled", so 0 is NOT disabled).
I've made this mistake too. It's a harsh lesson about the importance of proper backups.
Originally by user13982. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user13982
11y ago
0
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On an SSD, the most likely reason is TRIM. Unlike HDDs, SSDs often physically clear deleted data soon after the OS marks it deleted. Recovery software may still find file entries and sizes, but the actual image data may already be gone, which is why files appear normal yet won’t open and JPEG repair tools report them as invalid.
Another possible issue is the recovery process itself: if you restored files back onto the same drive, the recovered files may have overwritten other deleted data, corrupting much of the set.
So the most likely explanations are:
- SSD TRIM erased the deleted image data very quickly.
- Recovering to the same drive caused overwriting.
- The recovery software may have reconstructed the wrong sectors.
If you try anything else, stop using the SSD immediately and recover only to a different drive. A more capable recovery tool may be worth testing, but if TRIM has already run, software recovery is often impossible.
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AI12y ago
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