What do the numbers on a sealed Kodak Vericolor film roll mean?

6011 is the product number. This designates it as Vericolor Internegative Film, which is also printed out on the label. It was made to be processed by conventional C-41 chemistry. ECN-2 chemistry could also be used to develop it.

36-54 appears to be a batch number. Kodak introduced 6011 in 1978. The expiration date was around 20 months after manufacture, so your roll of 6011 that expired in August 1981 would have been made right around the end of 1979 or the beginning of 1980. That's less than two years after Kodak started making 6011. By the mid-1990s, batch numbers had grown from two two-digit numbers to two four-digit numbers, such as 3361-0122.

Internegative film was used to create negatives from positive color transparencies (either "slides" or larger transparencies) or color prints. It is balanced for 3200K enlarger lamps.

It is very slow. When fresh it would have probably been around ISO 6. Yes, that's ISO 6, not DIN 6. This Flickr thread discusses 6011 and ISO. In 2014 the user tested two rolls. One from 1980 (34 years out of date) tested at ISO 0.75, one from 1994 (20 years out of date) was ISO 1.5. The user did not reveal under what conditions either had been stored for that long.