What causes scratch-like lines on developed film negatives?
Asked 6/29/2016
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My developed 35mm C-41 film has long lines visible on the negatives when held up to the light. The lines seem to start higher near the beginning of the roll and sit lower toward the end. What usually causes marks like this, and how can I avoid them happening again? Could they come from camera loading/rewinding, dirt inside the camera, the film cassette, or from lab processing?
Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
Photography Stack Exchange contributor
10y ago
2 Answers
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Typically this C-41 35mm film is developed in an automatic film processing machine. Likely your film was developed in in a "roller transport" type machine. These machines transport the film from chemical tank to chemical tank. The film path is over and under a series of plastic rollers. These machines are highly dependent on volume and daily maintenance. If not inspected and cleaned each day, the transport rollers can become encrusted with dried chemicals and they freeze. Should this happen the film is likely damaged. The images you posted likely are the result of poor machine maintenance.
Originally by user44949. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user44949
10y ago
0
Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.
If the lines are on the negatives themselves, the damage is usually either from the camera/film path or from processing.
A good clue is whether the marks run perfectly parallel to the film edges:
- Parallel lines often point to dirt or a small particle in the camera or film cassette scratching the film as it advances.
- Irregular or non-parallel lines are more likely caused during processing or drying.
Based on the descriptions in the answers, these marks are very likely lab-related—either poor maintenance in a roller-transport processing machine, or squeegee/chamois marks from manual or semi-manual processing after the final rinse.
To reduce the chance of it happening again:
- Inspect and clean the camera film path if you suspect debris.
- Try another lab, especially one with a good reputation for film handling and machine maintenance.
- If using a small lab, ask how they process and dry film.
Poor loading or rewinding is less likely to cause long continuous scratch-like lines of this type than debris or processing damage.
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