Probably not. Simply pressing the shutter is not, by itself, generally copyright infringement. In your scenario, the other photographer’s prints appear to have been only a small incidental part of a wider market scene, which is unlikely to be treated the same as deliberately reproducing his work.

There is some legal nuance: photographing someone else’s photo can raise copyright questions if their work is a significant subject of your image. But when it is a minor, incidental element in a broader scene, that is much less likely to be a problem.

A separate issue is location. If you were somewhere you were allowed to photograph, that supports your position. If the market or property owner has rules against photography, they may be able to restrict shooting on the premises even if the copyright claim is weak.

So, based on the facts given, your wide environmental shot from a distance was likely not copyright infringement. The stronger practical question is whether the venue allowed photography.