10-bit display support and print bit depth are separate issues. A 10-bit monitor path helps you view smoother tonal gradations on screen, but it is not required to edit high-bit-depth images or to print them.

For printing, what matters is whether the printer driver and print pipeline support higher bit-depth output. One community answer notes that some Windows 7 XPS printer drivers can print at up to 16 bits per channel, but only when used with compatible RIP/printing software. An example given was Canon’s XPS driver plus Easy-Photo Print Pro.

So yes, a home printer may be able to use higher-bit-depth data, but usually only with specific drivers/software; otherwise the pipeline may be limited to 8 bits per channel.

For print labs, the question is less about “10-bit files” specifically and more about what file formats and workflows the lab supports. Labs may accept high-bit-depth files, but whether that extra precision is preserved depends on their RIP and production workflow.

Practically: keep your master files in 16-bit where possible, use a color-managed workflow, and check the printer or lab’s driver/RIP capabilities. The visual benefit of >8-bit output may be subtle and is often smaller than good profiling and overall print setup.