Google for intervalometer and tethering

Not every cameras have an internal intervalometer; most higher-end camera have one (check user manuals).

For camera with no internal intervalometer, you can use an external intervalometer gadget, again, check that your camera support it, again, maybe not all camera support that either.

Depending on the photo frequency, a normal camera battery can last a couple hundred photos, so you could just swap in/out a fresh battery between shots.

Depending on the camera model you can plug in a camera grip that usually hold up more batteries so you can shoot more photos.

To store the images, you can use a regular (sd/sdhc) card and swap an empty one when one gets full and transfer the images to the computer.

If you camera support tethering; you can usually control the camera from a computer; again, not all cameras support tethering (usually supported in higher-end cameras).

For example, my camera, a Pentax K5 has a interval shooting feature, but does not support tethering; so if I wanted to do that, I would swap in/out card and batteries as needed.