How can I restore a heavily scratched 1930s photo scan and improve soft detail?
Asked 10/18/2020
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I have a scanned family print from the 1930s with heavy scratching and surface texture. I’d like to restore as much of it as possible, especially reducing the visible scratches without destroying fine detail. The people in the foreground also look quite soft, and I’d like to improve their definition if possible. What editing techniques work best for this kind of restoration?
Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
Photography Stack Exchange contributor
5y ago
2 Answers
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I took Nathan's image as a baseline then used Wavelet Decomposition with a rough select around the people to duplicate two layers of detail and re-merge it back in to try to sharpen without producing the sharpen artifacts you get from unsharp mask.
Per a request for methodology details:
I used GIMP 2.10
Layers Scale 2 through 5 and residual follow. (Scale 1 has almost no information).
I duplicated layers scale 3 & 4.
I also selected just the people and deleted everything else in the duplicated layers to apply the sharpen effect to just the people. Not Shown.
Besides a sharpen effect from duplicating layers, the reverse can be accomplished by deleting layers or painting gray over various level details in the wavelet decomposition to selectively remove different levels of detail, effectively blurring. You can even blur gross detail while keeping fine detail.
Editing just the residual can help remove color stains without impacting details.
Originally by user77199. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user77199
5y ago
0
Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.
For this kind of restoration, the most reliable approach is usually a combination of manual cleanup and selective detail work.
- Use a healing or clone tool to remove the major scratches and defects first. This is slow, but it gives the best control and avoids damaging important features.
- Be cautious with whole-image texture removal methods such as FFT/frequency-style filtering. They may reduce fine scratches, but they can also wipe out useful detail in hair, skin edges, and clothing.
- To improve softness selectively, wavelet decomposition can help. In GIMP, separating the image into detail layers lets you duplicate certain mid-detail layers and apply that effect only to the people, which can increase apparent sharpness with fewer artifacts than a global unsharp mask.
- Keep sharpening local rather than global. Mask the subjects and avoid sharpening the background or scratch texture.
In short: heal the worst damage manually, then use selective wavelet-based detail enhancement on the subjects rather than aggressive global filtering or sharpening.
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