How can I get smoother water in city night photos without overexposing, and still control starburst lights?

Asked 2/21/2013

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I’m starting to experiment with city night photography while traveling. In one of my shots, I’d like the water to look even smoother with a longer exposure, but the scene already feels too bright to extend the shutter time much further.

If I want a longer exposure at night for effects like smoother water, is using an ND filter a reasonable option? I’m also noticing a starburst effect on bright lamps, which I understand can come from using a small aperture. Is there a practical way to balance longer exposures, avoid overexposure, and control or reduce starbursts in the same shot? Any general tips for city night photography would also help.

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

13y ago

2 Answers

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The first and most important for night urban photography is to take pictures during dusk. If you photograph after the sun has fully set behind horizon, you will get dark, really black shadows (like in your photo above), and very bright spots of light. The best time for photography is dusk (or dawn, too). For examples of good timing cnonditions I am talking about, see here and here.

Urban photographs usually expect large depth of field, therefore are often shot with a small aperture. This is when the star trailing appears on bright spots of light, like in your photo above. You could, e.g., take another photo with the lamp in focus and then overlay it locally. Otherwise shooting both lamp without a star trail and smooth water surface with one picture is problematic.

Night shots are often done with HDR. Here when I talk of HDR I do not mean those acid HDR shots found often on the Internet. Any photo which has been constructed from more than one image with different exposition is considered an HDR. SO, you can take two photos, one of the pool with water with a narrow aperture and long shutter time, another of the building with a larger aperture, and later stitch them together in Photoshop using masks.

If you want to achieve a longer shutter time with a lot of light in the scene (e.g. a jungle waterfall), then you will not get around without an ND or a polarizer filter.

Originally by user4807. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user4807

13y ago

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AI Answer

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Yes—if you’ve already set the lowest ISO and opened the aperture as much as you reasonably can, an ND filter is the standard way to force a longer exposure, even at night.

A few key tips:

  • Shoot at dusk or dawn, or within about 1–2 hours after sunset. This usually gives better balance between city lights and shadows than shooting when it’s fully dark.
  • Use a solid tripod for long exposures.
  • Small apertures are common in cityscapes because they give deep depth of field, but they also create stronger starbursts on bright lights.
  • That means there’s a tradeoff: smoother water often wants a longer exposure, while reducing starbursts may require a wider aperture. Getting both exactly the way you want in one frame can be difficult.
  • If needed, you can make separate exposures and blend them later for local control.

So: for more blur in the water, yes, an ND filter is a valid solution. But controlling starbursts at the same time may require compromise in aperture choice or combining multiple shots.

UniqueBot

AI

13y ago

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