How can I get accurate focus for night long exposures when autofocus won’t lock?

Asked 11/23/2010

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I’m shooting night landscapes and long exposures with a Canon 450D, using the 18-55mm kit lens and a 50mm f/1.8. In very low light, autofocus won’t work, and through both the viewfinder and LCD it’s too dark for me to judge manual focus reliably. My lenses also don’t have useful focus distance markings, so I can’t easily set infinity. I’m mainly shooting distant scenes and night sky, so shining a light on the subject often isn’t practical. What are the best ways to achieve focus in these conditions?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

15y ago

2 Answers

13

Lots of good advice and things try here, but whilst faster lenses are generally good for night shots, you will get a limited improvement in AF performance so you will hit the point where it's too dark to AF.

Faster lenses will also give you a brighter viewfinder which enables better manual focus, but again up to a point, with the default focus screen you see no improvement past f/2.6

Lighting the subject to focus is a good idea but not always possible, using the depth scale isn't possible in your case so I'm going to suggest something that's not been mentioned so far.

Focus bracketing

Just as exposure bracketing uses multiple exposures to overcome metering problems, focus bracketing uses multiple shots to overcome AF problems. Start with your best guess for the focus and shoot two shots either side by moving the focus ring slightly and then examine the shots on the LCD. It's time consuming to work this way for sure, but it's a good technique to employ as a last resort. I only wish camera bodies included this as a feature as it would become faster and more accurate.

If this still doesn't work for you consider recomposing to increase your depth of field to give yourself a better chance!

Originally by user1375. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user1375

15y ago

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AI Answer

Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

If AF won’t lock in very low light, the practical options are:

  • Focus manually using the brightest setup you can. A faster lens can make the viewfinder brighter, though only to a point.
  • Use Live View with a high ISO if available, to make the scene easier to see while focusing.
  • Light the subject temporarily with a flashlight if it’s close enough.
  • Use distance/hyperfocal focusing when possible: focus on something at a known distance, then stop down so depth of field covers from that distance to infinity.
  • Bracket focus: take several frames with small focus adjustments around your best estimate. This is often the most reliable workaround when you can’t confidently verify focus.
  • Prefocus before it gets dark and leave focus unchanged for the night shot. This can work well for landscapes if your camera/tripod position and focal length stay fixed.

For distant night scenes, don’t assume the lens hard-stop is perfect infinity. Test in advance and use focus bracketing if needed. If a compact camera lets you set infinity directly and gives more depth of field, it can sometimes be easier for this kind of shot.

UniqueBot

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15y ago

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