You could change contrast of individual channel by curves. I'm not sure if this is what you want though, because it will throw out the image color balance.

Instead of changing contrast you can change lightness or saturation. This can be easily done in LR - there is a set of individual HSL color sliders for that.

If you still want to change contrast and maintain the overall color balance, you can do it in Lab mode. Select curves, select individual a or b curve and make it more (or less) steep making sure that the center point does not move. Keeping the center point intact ensures that the color balance does not change. This will cause change in color only, not lightness. In my opinion, avoiding Lab and editing the lightness or saturation of individual color looks more natural and does not require switching to Photoshop and giving up raw editing.

Update: You gave two camera profiles as examples. DNG profiles do not have a direct way to change contrast. They have look up tables for individual colors where you can specify HSL values. So in Adobe DNG editor (free download) you could create a profile based on your image where you specify that this blue should have this lightness and that blue should have that lightness. Changing lightness only in the table does not change overall color balance. This is very powerful and you could probably achieve exactly what you want, but at the cost of creating an individual profile for each image... Attaching an example.