Yes—this is possible by writing GPS metadata into the JPEG files themselves.

Options mentioned:

• Use a geotagging app: load the photos, optionally correct the capture time/time zone, load a GPS track file, then save the new location to the selected images.
• Use Adobe Lightroom: import the photos, go to the Map module, search for the place, drag the selected images onto the map, then save metadata back to the files.
• Use Apple Photos on Mac: select one or more photos, open Info, add the location, then export the JPEGs so the location metadata is included.

The key point is that the GPS coordinates must be embedded in the JPEG metadata, not just stored in a catalog. If you use Lightroom, make sure you write the metadata back to the files after tagging. For older images with limited metadata, you may also need to verify the capture time/time zone so track-based geotagging lines up correctly.

If your goal is compatibility with Apple maps/location search, testing one exported/tagged JPEG in Photos is a good way to confirm the metadata was written properly.