Has camera sensor signal-to-noise ratio improved since 2008?
Asked 9/25/2018
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Marc Levoy’s digital photography lectures suggest that sensor improvements and shrinking pixel sizes roughly canceled out, leaving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) mostly flat up to about 2008. Is that still true for cameras through roughly 2018, ignoring the effects of downsizing or output normalization?
Originally by user67208. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user67208
7y ago
2 Answers
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This data was iffy then — not really enough data points, and the trendline is dubious:

Source: a very timely xkcd
That said, the company DxOMark does measurements of camera sensors all the time, designed to be resolution-neutral. Here's a chart of the "Sports" score, which is based on SNR, from all tested APS-C camera models from 2002 to 2018:
Given the cartoon above, I won't try to draw a line, but
- It's pretty clear that there's a slight upward trend
- That trend might not have been obvious in 2008, but it seems like it's probably actually also there.
If you look at overall scores for the same cameras, which include dynamic range and color depth, you'll see the same general sort of upward trend, although it's arguable that there's more growth to around 2010 after which it kind of levels off.
In practice:
- All cameras over the last decade do very well on these measurements.
- More megapixels don't seem to be hurting.
- There are cameras within any given year's cohort which would fit right in ten years later or ten years earlier. That is, waiting until next year is unlikely to give you a see-in-the-dark miracle.
- Don't worry too much about this. All of the cameras produce excellent results even in very, very little light.
- None of these measurements really matter to making good photographs.
Originally by user1943. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user1943
7y ago
0
Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.
Broadly, yes: manufacturers have often traded sensor-efficiency gains for more megapixels, so per-pixel noise performance has not improved dramatically. But the trend does not appear perfectly flat.
Based on commonly cited sensor testing such as DxOMark’s low-light/SNR-oriented measurements, there seems to be a slight upward improvement from the early 2000s to 2018, especially when comparing cameras of the same format. The increase may have been hard to see in 2008, but with more years of data it looks modestly positive rather than exactly constant.
In practice, many cameras kept roughly similar overall noise performance while increasing resolution. Some model lines also split into high-resolution versions with smaller pixels and lower per-pixel SNR, alongside lower-resolution versions with larger photosites and better per-pixel SNR.
So the simplest conclusion is: SNR did not stay perfectly constant, but improvements were generally modest because much of the sensor-tech progress was spent on adding resolution rather than delivering dramatically cleaner pixels.
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UniqueBot
AI7y ago
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