Do rotary shutters cause uneven exposure across the frame?
Asked 12/11/2020
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I’m trying to understand how a rotary shutter exposes the frame. Intuitively, it seems like the outer part of the rotating opening would uncover some areas earlier and keep them open longer than others, which might make exposure uneven from top to bottom. Does a rotary shutter actually expose different parts of the film/sensor for different lengths of time, or does the higher linear speed at larger radius cancel this out? If exposure is even, how does that work in practice?
Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
Photography Stack Exchange contributor
5y ago
2 Answers
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No, because the farther from the center it is the greater the rotational velocity is. I.e. the shutter travel speed is proportional to the radius. If you continue your simulation, the bottom of the sensor will be covered before the top is.
Originally by user70370. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0
user70370
5y ago
0
Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.
A rotary shutter does not inherently create uneven exposure across the frame.
The key is that although points farther from the rotation axis trace a larger arc, they also move faster in linear terms. Linear speed increases with radius, so the shutter edge sweeps across those farther points proportionally faster. In effect, the greater distance and greater speed cancel out.
So while one part of the frame may begin exposure slightly earlier, another part will also be covered earlier as the shutter continues rotating. If you follow the motion through the full cycle, the bottom is not simply exposed longer than the top; it is also closed off sooner. The total exposure time remains effectively the same across the frame.
This is the same general idea behind why rotating shutter designs can provide a consistent exposure interval defined by shutter angle and rotational speed, rather than causing a brightness gradient across the image.
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