Yes. Many cameras already include more precise tilt/level sensing than simple portrait/landscape orientation. Depending on the model, this may appear as an electronic level or digital artificial horizon in the viewfinder or on the rear screen, helping you level the camera before taking the shot. Some cameras can even correct small tilt in-camera using sensor-shift mechanisms.

That said, the usual recommendation is still to get the image level in-camera rather than rely on rotating it later. Straightening in software can crop away edges and, in some cases, introduce artifacts. For post-processing, editors such as Lightroom or Photoshop also offer leveling/straightening tools, including automatic detection of horizontal or vertical lines.

So the feature does exist on many midrange and higher-end cameras; whether the precise level data is stored in metadata varies by camera and isn’t guaranteed.