Yes—press the L key to use Lights Out mode. One press darkens the surrounding interface, a second press makes it black, and another press returns it to normal. Lightroom remains usable while Lights Out is active, so you can still work in Grid view with less visual distraction.

If your goal is specifically to arrange photos as a set or sequence, the more appropriate Lightroom tool is the Book module, which is designed for laying out and organizing groups of images visually.