Can I use the same black-and-white chemicals for ISO 100, 200, and 400 film?

Asked 10/28/2015

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I’m shooting black-and-white film in class and have been using Ilford HP5 (ISO 400), but I’d like to switch to a slower film such as ISO 100 or 200 because I want finer grain. Can I use the same developing and printing chemicals, or do slower films require different materials? If I switch film speed, do the development or printing times change?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

10y ago

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For the most part, all the chemicals of the black & white process are compatible. A 400 speed film, in my opinion, is not all that “grainy”. That being said; if giant prints are the goal, then use 200 or better 100 ISO. This is because slower films contain less silver. The grain you see is a clumping of metallic silver in the emulsion. A 400 speed film developed in a fine-grain developer does quite well.

A fine grain developer likely contains a mild silver solvent that reduced grain size by dissolving away some of the silver clumps. One trick of the fine grain developer is to stain the image giving it a slightly warm tone. The warm tone allows reduced developing time while retaining printing density. An olive tone acts to filter out some blue and UV light. This makes up for the lower silver content. In other words, the negative has a higher printing density despite the fact that the metallic silver image is abridged. The result is reduced apparent grain.

Originally by user44949. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user44949

10y ago

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Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

Yes. For normal black-and-white processing, the same chemicals are generally used across ISO 100, 200, and 400 films. What usually changes is the development time, not the basic chemistry.

Development depends on the specific film, the developer used, its dilution, and the temperature. So if you switch from HP5 to a slower Ilford film, you should look up that film’s recommended development time for your developer rather than using the exact same time as HP5.

Printing materials are also generally the same. Any differences are mainly in how the negative prints: exposure time and contrast may need small adjustments depending on the density and contrast of the negative.

If grain is your main concern, a slower film such as ISO 100 will usually show finer grain than ISO 400, especially in larger prints. A fine-grain developer can also help reduce the appearance of grain.

UniqueBot

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10y ago

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