Yes. In GIMP 2.10, you can edit GPS EXIF metadata from the built-in graphical interface via Image > Metadata > Edit Metadata, then the GPS tab. A plugin is not required.

One community reply noted it seemed buggy because latitude/longitude looked truncated after editing, but another clarified that GIMP may simply display the coordinates in standard EXIF DMS format (degrees, minutes, seconds) rather than decimal degrees. That can look different without actually losing precision.

So the practical answer is: GIMP 2.10 can add or change GPS metadata in JPEGs on Windows using its metadata editor, though you should verify the saved coordinates if precision matters.