No. The SD card is just a medium for data storage. It behave completely different than a light sensitive surface, where an effect like this would be possible.

The allocation of images also is not using the exact same locations on the card. For this the SD card controller uses wear leveling and keeps track which storage cells have been used how often. This ensures even aging of the storage cells. So an image would usually not occupy the exactly same space in storage as before, making this effect near impossible.

Additionally if there was data from an old image present in your new image, there is a good chance that parity/error checking on the controller would detect that. Otherwise this would result in a corrupted image. In compressed images like JPG this would lead to large detectable areas of visual glitches.

What is possible, is that the sensor itself was not thoroughly resetted and carried over some residual values form a former image, although I would not know why.

Or, and that would be my guess - the illumination was way shorter than the shutter speed and you had the deer in there, but it was away before the illumination caught it. You can have these effects in a dark environment while using multiple flashes in common photography - either by accident or on purpose. This would result in multiple exposure.

A possible scenario would be that the camera uses something to detect the animals. This is enough to cause a very faint image, the animals was spooked, then the main illumination (IR light?) fired and you got the main image.