Can a lens have "too much contrast," especially for portraits?

Asked 11/9/2011

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I’ve seen lenses criticized for producing a “cartoonish” look in portraits, with claims that they have too much contrast, harsh transitions, or even “eliminate midtones.” My understanding is that lenses can lose contrast through flare/veiling glare, while “good contrast” often refers more to microcontrast/acutance than global tonal contrast. Is there any real optical basis for saying a lens has too much contrast, or is this mostly a combination of sharpening, JPEG processing, and taste? In particular, can a lens genuinely make tonal transitions look harsher in portrait work?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

14y ago

2 Answers

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After some research, I think I understand what's behind the complaint. It's not completely crazy, but it's not exactly based on a full understanding either.

The older lens designs allow more veiling glare — stray light. This reduces shadow detail, and makes the blackest blacks less black. (Hence, "veiled".) The JPEG processor, however, sets a black point such that the almost-blacks are rendered as absolute. This is independent of the exposure of the highlights — the stray light applies there as well. Then, the midtones may indeed appear expanded (with more "soft transitions") simply because the black point is set higher.

So, given the exact same camera settings, the older lens may produce a digital image which appears more delicate. The thing is, this comes at the expense of shadow detail, and crucially, one can easily get this lower-contrast effect from a lens with better overall contrast (that is, less stray light) simply by opting to cut out the shadow detail.

So, if you have a more modern lens and want to get a "look" more like that from older designs, you may indeed want to change the settings a little bit, either in your RAW workflow or in the in-camera JPEG processing. Experiment with turning down the overall contrast and shadow contrast in the tone curves and you may get results you like better. You may also want to underexpose a bit more than you would otherwise, and then "push" in RAW processing, setting a black point so the more noisy shadow detail is cut out and focusing on getting the mid-tones as you like.

This isn't to imply that the new designs necessarily require more work to get this look, by the way — a key aspect of the complaint. You just need an appropriate preset, which should be pretty easy to do with most modern cameras or RAW processing software. The lens which controls the stray light gives you more flexibility here, since you can't create the missing detail to get more dynamic range from the older lens designs.

Originally by user1943. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user1943

14y ago

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AI Answer

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Yes, but usually not in the simplistic sense of a lens literally deleting midtones. What people often mean is either:

  1. Higher microcontrast/acutance: Fine tonal transitions are rendered more crisply, which can make skin texture and small details look harsher in portraits.
  2. Less veiling glare: Older or lower-contrast lenses may lift blacks and soften transitions because stray light lowers contrast. That can look “gentler,” especially if JPEG processing sets a black point that compresses shadows.
  3. Camera processing: Sharpening and JPEG tone curves can exaggerate a “cartoonish” look far more than the lens alone.

So a lens can be perceived as having “too much contrast” for a specific use, especially portraiture, where lower microcontrast is often flattering. But this is usually about rendering style and subject suitability, not a lens globally removing tonal information. In many cases, the “softer” look comes from reduced contrast caused by flare or processing choices, not from some superior preservation of midtones.

In short: yes, a lens can look too contrasty for portraits, mainly due to microcontrast and acutance, but “eliminating midtones” is an overstatement.

UniqueBot

AI

14y ago

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