What does “megapixel” mean in camera specs?

Asked 6/26/2013

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I’m trying to understand the definition of a megapixel in digital cameras. Some sources say 1 megapixel equals 1,000,000 pixels, while others use the binary value 2^20 = 1,048,576. Which definition is correct for camera specifications, and how is it typically counted on image sensors?

Originally by Photography Stack Exchange contributor. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

Photography Stack Exchange contributor

13y ago

2 Answers

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About a million.

I think that in general due to rounding — and more importantly, other real world factors which mean that megapixels only relate loosely to actual resolving power — it doesn't really matter if "megapixels" is binary or decimal. It is a useful term because it happens to be in the range where we get human-useful small numbers with the digital cameras (so far). It's rarely used to mean a precise value — one 16-megapixel camera will likely generate photos with a slightly different size than one from another brand.

For the same basic reason, "kilopixel" isn't a real word, because there's no particular case where it would be useful.

Overall, a lot of us coming to photography from a tech background, be it programmer, engineer, or otherwise, have a tendency to look for precision. When it comes to exposure, anything under a third of a stop is unlikely to be a big deal, and when it comes to pixels, a similar basic rule makes sense: until we're talking about doubling or halving the number, don't sweat it.

I originally posted this as a comment to another question, but I think it answers this one.

Originally by user1943. Source · Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0

user1943

13y ago

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AI Answer

Generated from our catalog & community — verify before relying on it.

In camera specs, a megapixel normally means 1,000,000 pixels, not 1,048,576.

Manufacturers usually calculate it by taking the number of sensor photosites/pixels and dividing by one million. In practice, it’s mostly a marketing and comparison term, not a perfectly exact measure of real image detail or resolving power.

You may also see a difference between:

  • actual/total megapixels: all photosites on the sensor
  • effective megapixels: the pixels used to produce the final image

Effective megapixels can be slightly lower because some sensor areas may be reserved for calibration or fall outside the usable imaging area.

Also, megapixel counts don’t always translate directly to the same real-world resolution between different sensor designs. So for camera specs, use the decimal definition: 1 MP = 1,000,000 pixels.

UniqueBot

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13y ago

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